ʻenehana ʻike kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi (Avalanche photodetector): He mokuna hou i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona māmā nāwaliwali

ʻenehana ʻike kiʻi uila holomua (Mea ʻike kiʻi Avalanche) : He mokuna hou e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona māmā nāwaliwali
Ma ka noiʻi ʻepekema, ʻo ka ʻike pololei ʻana i nā hōʻailona māmā nāwaliwali ke kī i ka wehe ʻana i nā kula ʻepekema he nui. ʻO ka mea i hala koke iho nei, ua loaʻa i kahi hoʻokō noiʻi ʻepekema hou i nā loli holomua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona māmā nāwaliwali. ʻO kaʻike kiʻi avalanchemoʻo i hoʻomohala ʻia e kahi hui noiʻi ʻepekema kaulana i Kina, me kāna hana kūʻokoʻa a me kāna mau pono, e wehe i kahi mokuna hou no ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona māmā.

ʻAlelemea nānā kiʻihuahana moʻo, e like me ka avalanche amplification loina oAPD, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana he 10 a 100 mau manawa ma mua o ka PIN photoelectric hohonu detector, me ka naʻau kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hana ʻike maikaʻi a me nā pono nui ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka puka ʻana o kēia pūʻulu huahana e kōkua i ka poʻe noiʻi e ʻike maikaʻi a hoʻopaʻa i nā hōʻailona māmā nāwaliwali, a e hoʻoikaika hou i ka hohonu o ka noiʻi ʻepekema.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia pūʻulu o nā huahana he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, loaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka fiber optical, nā koho hoʻohui spatial. ʻO ia hoʻi, inā he kaiapuni keʻena a i ʻole kahi ʻano paʻakikī o waho, hiki i ka huahana ke hoʻokō i ka ʻike hōʻailona optical pololei, hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo ʻikepili hilinaʻi no nā mea noiʻi. ʻAʻole kēia ʻenehana hou e hoʻomaikaʻi wale i ka pono o ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona optical, akā e hoʻemi pū i ka walaʻau i hana ʻia i ke kaʻina ʻike a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pololei ʻike.
ʻO ka kikoʻī, ʻo ka laulā o ka pane kikoʻī e uhi i ka 300-1100nm a me 800-1700nm, me nā bandwidth 3dB a hiki i 200MHz, 500MHz, 1GHz a me 10GHz. ʻO kēia mau kikoʻī a me nā ʻāpana like ʻole e hiki ai i ka huahana ke hoʻololi i nā pono noiʻi ʻepekema ʻē aʻe, a me kahi ākea o nā noi, me ka ʻike ʻana i ka hōʻailona ʻike nāwaliwali, ka wikiwiki o ka pulse optical signal detection, a me ke kamaʻilio quantum.
Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia ua kūkulu ʻia ka huahana avalanche photodiode, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa amplification circuit, APD bias boost circuit, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nalu ʻike o nā huahana holoʻokoʻa e uhi ana i 300nm-1700nm. ʻO kēia hoʻolālā e hiki ai i ka huahana ke hoʻokō i ka ʻike ʻike kiʻekiʻe, akā hoʻemi pono i ka walaʻau, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pololei o ka ʻike. Eia kekahi,ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona koho o ka fiber optical a me ka hui spatial e hiki ai i ka huahana ke hoʻokō i kaʻike hōʻailona pololei i nāʻano likeʻole.
I ka pōkole, ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kēia avalanchemea ʻike kiʻi uilaʻO ka moʻo he mea kānalua ʻole kahi holomua nui i ka ʻenehana ʻike photoelectric. Hāʻawi ka puka ʻana o kēia huahana i kahi hiki hou no ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona māmā nāwaliwali a puni ka honua. Manaʻo mākou e pāʻani nui kēia huahana i ka noiʻi ʻepekema e hiki mai ana, e hāpai i ka holomua o ka ʻepekema, a e lawelawe maikaʻi aku i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kaiāulu kanaka.