ʻO ka modulator electro-optic kiʻekiʻe: ʻoniʻoni ʻoniʻoni lithium niobate modulator

ʻO ka modulator electro-optic hana kiʻekiʻe:ʻoniʻoni lahilahi lithium niobate modulator

ʻO kahi modulator electro-optical (EOM modulator) he modulator i hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hopena electro-optical o kekahi mau kristal electro-optical, hiki ke hoʻololi i nā hōʻailona uila kiʻekiʻe i nā mea kamaʻilio i nā hōʻailona optical. Ke hoʻokau ʻia ka aniani electro-optic i kahi kahua uila i hoʻopili ʻia, e loli ka helu refractive o ka kristal electro-optic, a e loli pū nā hiʻohiʻona nalu o ka aniani, i ʻike ai i ka modulation o ka amplitude, ka pae a me ke kūlana polarization o ka hōʻailona optical, a hoʻololi i ka hōʻailona uila kiʻekiʻe i ka mea kamaʻilio i kahi hōʻailona optical ma o ka modulation.

I kēia manawa, ʻekolu ʻano nui oelectro-optic modulatorsma ka mākeke: nā modulators e pili ana i ka silika, nā modulators indium phosphide a me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahilithium niobate modulator. I waena o lākou, ʻaʻohe o ka silikoni electro-optical coefficient, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana, kūpono wale no ka hana ʻana i ka transceiver module modulator transceiver, indium phosphide ʻoiai kūpono no ka medium-long distance optical communication network transceiver module, akā kiʻekiʻe loa ke kaʻina hana hoʻohui, kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai, pili ka noi i kekahi mau palena. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻaʻole waiwai wale ka lithium niobate crystal i ka hopena photoelectric, hoʻonohonoho i ka hopena photorefractive, nonlinear effect, electro-optical effect, acoustic optical effect, piezoelectric effect a me thermoelectric effect ua like me ka hoʻokahi, a mahalo i kona ʻano lattice a me ka waiwai defect structure, nui nā waiwai o ka lithium niobate hiki ke hoʻoponopono nui ʻia e ka haku mele kristal, ka mana o ke kiʻi kiʻi, etc. electro-optical coefficient a hiki i 30.9pm/V, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka indium phosphide, a he liʻiliʻi ka chirp hopena (chirp effect: pili i ke ʻano i hoʻololi ʻia ke alapine i loko o ka pulse me ka manawa i ka wā o ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka pulse laser. ʻO ka hopena chirp nui aʻe ka hopena o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka hopena nonlinear), kahi maikaʻi o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka lākiō (ʻo kona ʻaoʻao "off" mokuʻāina ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. kūpaʻa. Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa ke ʻano hana o ka modulator lithium niobate kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻoniʻoni me ka modulator-based modulator a me ka modulator indium phosphide me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano modulation nonlinear, e hoʻohana ana i ka hopena electro-optical linear e hoʻouka i ka hōʻailona uila uila ma luna o ka mea lawe optical. Ma muli o ka mea i luna, ua lilo ka lithium niobate i mea koho maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā modulators electro-optic kiʻekiʻe, kahi ākea o nā noi ma 100G / 400G coherent optical communication networks a me nā kikowaena data ultra-high-speed, a hiki ke hoʻokō i nā mamao hoʻouna lōʻihi ma mua o 100 mau kilomita.

ʻO ka lithium niobate ma ke ʻano he subversive material o ka "photon revolution", ʻoiai ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka silicon a me ka indium phosphide he nui nā pōmaikaʻi, akā ʻike pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano o kahi mea nui i loko o ka hāmeʻa, ua kaupalena ʻia ke kukui i ka hawewe mokulele i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka diffusion a i ʻole ka hoʻololi proton, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻokoʻa refractive index (ma kahi o 0.02 ka nui). He paʻakikī ke hoʻokō i nā pono o ka miniaturization a me ka hoʻohui ʻana onā mea ʻike maka, a ua okoa kona laina hana mai ka laina kaʻina hana microelectronics maoli, a aia ka pilikia o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, no laila, ʻo ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi he kuhikuhi hoʻomohala koʻikoʻi no ka lithium niobate i hoʻohana ʻia i nā modulators electro-optical.