ʻO ke kuhikuhi hoʻomohala o ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, ka mana nui a me ka bandwidth ākea o ke kamaʻilio optical e pono ai ka hoʻohui kiʻekiʻe o nā mea photoelectric. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻohui ʻana, ʻo ia ka miniaturization o nā mea photoelectric. No laila, ʻo ka miniaturization o nā mea photoelectric ke alo a me kahi wela i ke kahua o ke kamaʻilio optical. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻenehana optoelectronic kuʻuna, e lilo ka ʻenehana micromachining laser femtosecond i hanauna hou o ka ʻenehana hana mea optoelectronic. Ua hana nā haumāna ma ka home a me nā ʻāina ʻē i ka ʻimi pono ʻana i nā ʻano he nui o ka ʻenehana hoʻomākaukau waveguide optical a ua holomua nui.