Silika ʻeleʻelemea ʻike kiʻimoʻolelo: ka pono quantum waho a hiki i ka 132%
Wahi a nā hōʻike pāpāho, ua hoʻomohala nā kānaka noiʻi ma ke Kulanui ʻo Aalto i kahi mea optoelectronic me ka pono quantum waho a hiki i ka 132%. Ua hoʻokō ʻia kēia hana kupanaha ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka silicon ʻeleʻele nanostructured, kahi mea hiki ke lilo i holomua nui no nā cell solar a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.nā mea nānā kiʻiInā loaʻa i kahi hāmeʻa photovoltaic hypothetical kahi pono quantum o waho he 100 pakeneka, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo kēlā me kēia photon e paʻi iā ia e hana i kahi electron, kahi i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma ke ʻano he uila ma o kahi kaapuni.
A ʻaʻole wale kēia mea hana hou e hoʻokō i ka pono 100 pakeneka, akā ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 pakeneka. ʻO 132% ke ʻano he awelika o 1.32 mau electrons no kēlā me kēia photon. Hoʻohana ia i ka silicon ʻeleʻele ma ke ʻano he mea hana a he cone a me ka nanostructure columnar hiki ke omo i ka mālamalama ultraviolet.
ʻIke loa ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i 0.32 mau electrons keu mai ka ea lahilahi, ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻōlelo ka physics ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia ka ikehu mai ka ea lahilahi, no laila mai hea mai kēia mau electrons keu?
ʻO ke kumu hana maʻamau o nā mea photovoltaic ka mea e pili ana. Ke kuʻi kahi photon o ke kukui i kahi mea hana, ʻo ia hoʻi ka silicon, hoʻokuke ia i kahi electron mai kekahi o nā ʻātoma. Akā i kekahi mau hihia, hiki i kahi photon ikehu kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻokuke i ʻelua mau electrons me ka ʻole o ka uhaki ʻana i kekahi kānāwai o ka physics.
ʻAʻohe kānalua e hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia hanana ke kōkua nui i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā cell solar. I loko o nā mea optoelectronic he nui, nalowale ka pono ma nā ʻano he nui, me ka wā e hōʻike ʻia ai nā photons mai ka hāmeʻa a i ʻole e hui hou nā electrons me nā "lua" i waiho ʻia i loko o nā ʻātoma ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻia e ke kaapuni.
Akā ua ʻōlelo ka hui ʻo Aalto ua hoʻopau nui lākou i kēlā mau mea keakea. Hoʻopili ka silicon ʻeleʻele i nā photons he nui ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, a hōʻemi nā nanostructures tapered a me columnar i ka hoʻohui hou ʻana o ka electron ma ka ʻili o ka mea.
Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ua hiki i kēia mau holomua ke hiki i ka pono quantum o waho o ka hāmeʻa i 130%. Ua hōʻoia kūʻokoʻa ʻia nā hopena o ka hui e ka National Metrology Institute o Kelemania, ʻo ka PTB (German Federal Institute of Physics).
Wahi a nā kānaka noiʻi, hiki i kēia pono hoʻopaʻa moʻolelo ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o kekahi photodetector, me nā cell solar a me nā mea ʻike kukui ʻē aʻe, a ke hoʻohana mua ʻia nei ka mea ʻike hou ma ke kālepa.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-31-2023