E hoʻololi i ka wikiwiki pulse o ka laser ultrashort ikaika loa

Hoʻololi i ka wikiwiki pulse o kalaser pōkole ikaika loa

ʻO nā lasers pōkole nui loa e pili ana i nā pulses laser me nā laula pulse o nā ʻumi a me nā haneli o nā femtoseconds, ka mana kiʻekiʻe o nā terawatts a me nā petawatts, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ko lākou māmā māmā ma mua o 1018 W/cm2. ʻO ka laser ultra-pōkole super a me kāna kumu hoʻoheheʻe super i hoʻokumu ʻia a me kahi kumu ʻāpana ikehu kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka waiwai noi i nā kuhikuhi noiʻi maʻamau e like me ke kiʻekiʻe ikehu physics, particle physics, plasma physics, nuclear physics a me astrophysics, a me ka puka o ka ʻepekema. Hiki i nā hopena noiʻi ke lawelawe i nā ʻoihana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe e pili ana, ke olakino olakino, ka ikehu kaiapuni a me ka palekana palekana aupuni. Mai ka hana ʻana o ka ʻenehana hoʻonui ʻana i ka pulse chirped i 1985, ka puka ʻana o ka watt beat mua o ka honua.laseri ka makahiki 1996 a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka laser 10-beat watt laser mua loa i ka makahiki 2017, ʻo ka manaʻo nui o ka laser ultra-pōkole i ka wā ma mua ʻo ia ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka "mālamalama ikaika loa". I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka mālama ʻana i nā pulses super laser, inā hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka pulse o ka laser ultra-pōkole, hiki ke lawe ʻelua i ka hopena me ka hapalua o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i kekahi mau noi kino, i manaʻo ʻia. e hoʻemi i ka pālākiō o super ultra-pōkolenā mea hana laser, akā e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona hopena i nā hoʻokolohua physics laser kiʻekiʻe.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o ka pulse i mua o ka laser ultrashort ikaika loa
I mea e loaʻa ai ka mana kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o ka ikehu liʻiliʻi, hoʻemi ʻia ka laulā pulse i 20 ~ 30 femtoseconds ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka bandwidth loaʻa. ʻO ka ikaika pulse o ka laser 10-beak-watt ultra-short i kēia manawa ma kahi o 300 joules, a ʻo ka paepae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka compressor grating e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka puka beam ma mua o 300 mm. ʻO ka pulse beam me 20 ~ 30 femtosecond pulse ākea a me 300 mm puka maʻalahi ke lawe i ka distortion spatiotemporal coupling, ʻoi aku ka distortion o ka mua pulse. Hōʻike ka Figure 1 (a) i ka hoʻokaʻawale spatio-temporal o ka pulse mua a me ka pae mua i hana ʻia e ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o ka beam, a hōʻike ka mea mua i kahi "spatio-temporal tilt" pili i ka hope. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe ka "curvature of space-time" paʻakikī i hana ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana lens. FIG. 1 (b) hōʻike i nā hopena o ka pulupulu maikaʻi ma mua, inclined pulse mua a me ka piko i mua o ka pulupulu ma ka spatio-temporal distortion o ke kahua kukui ma ka pahu hopu. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka ikaika o ka māmā, ʻaʻole kūpono i ka noi kahua ikaika o ka laser ultra-short.

FIG. 1 (a) ka hili ʻana o ka pulse mua i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka prism a me ka grating, a (b) ka hopena o ka distortion o ka pulse mua ma ke kahua kukui manawa-manawa ma ka pahu hopu.

Ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka wikiwiki o ka ikaika loalaser pōkole pōkole
I kēia manawa, ua hōʻike ʻia nā kaola Bessel i hana ʻia e ka conical superposition o nā nalu mokulele i ka waiwai hoʻohana i ka physics laser kiʻekiʻe. Inā loaʻa ka puʻupuʻu axisymmetric i mua o ka puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu conically superimposed, a laila ʻo ka ikaika waena geometric o ka ʻeke nalu X-ray i hana ʻia e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ke Kiʻi 2 hiki ke superluminal mau, subluminal mau, superluminal accelerated, a me ka subluminal decelerated. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ke aniani deformable a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano modulator spatial light modulator hiki ke hana i ke ʻano spatio-temporal o ka pulse mua, a laila hana i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻouna ʻana. Hiki i ka hopena kino o luna a me kāna ʻenehana modulation ke hoʻololi i ka "distortion" o ka pulse front i "control" o ka pulse front, a laila e ʻike i ke kumu o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wikiwiki o ka laser ultra-ikaika.

FIG. 2 ʻO ka (a) ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki-ma mua o ka mālamalama, (b) ka sublight mau, (c) ka wikiwiki ʻoi aku ka māmā-ma mua o ka mālamalama, a (d) nā puʻupuʻu māmā sublight i hoʻemi ʻia i hana ʻia e ka superposition aia ma ke kikowaena geometric o ka ʻāpana superposition.

ʻOiai ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka distortion mua o ka pulse ma mua o ka laser super ultra-short, ua hopohopo nui ia me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka laser ultra-short. No ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻaʻole kūpono ia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka pahuhopu nui o ka laser ultra-pōkole - ultra-high focusing light intensity, a ua hana nā mea noiʻi e hoʻopau a hoʻopau i nā ʻano distortion mua o ka pulse. I kēia lā, i ka wā i ulu ai ka "pulse front distortion" i "pulse front control", ua loaʻa iā ia ka hoʻoponopono o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻouna ʻana o ka laser ultra-pōkole, e hāʻawi ana i nā ala hou a me nā manawa hou no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka laser ultra-short ma kiʻekiʻe-field laser physics.