Hoʻohālikelike o nā ʻōnaehana mea kaapuni hoʻohui photonic

Hoʻohālikelike o nā ʻōnaehana mea kaapuni hoʻohui photonic
Hōʻike ka Kiʻi 1 i kahi hoʻohālikelike o ʻelua mau ʻōnaehana mea, indium Phosphorus (InP) a me silicon (Si). ʻO ka laha ʻole o ka indium e hoʻolilo iā InP i mea pipiʻi ma mua o Si. No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ulu ʻana o ka epitaxial i nā kaapuni e pili ana i ka silicon, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hua o nā kaapuni e pili ana i ka silicon ma mua o nā kaapuni InP. I nā kaapuni e pili ana i ka silicon, ʻo ka germanium (Ge), ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohana wale ʻia i lokoMea ʻike kiʻi(nā mea ʻike kukui), koi i ka ulu ʻana o ka epitaxial, ʻoiai i loko o nā ʻōnaehana InP, pono e hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā waveguides passive e ka ulu ʻana o ka epitaxial. Loaʻa i ka ulu ʻana o ka epitaxial kahi density defect kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka kristal hoʻokahi, e like me ka ingot kristal. Loaʻa i nā waveguides InP ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe o ka refractive index contrast ma ka transverse wale nō, ʻoiai ʻo nā waveguides e pili ana i ka silicon he kiʻekiʻe ka refractive index contrast ma ka transverse a me ka longitudinal, e hiki ai i nā mea hana e pili ana i ka silicon ke hoʻokō i nā radii bending liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa iā InGaAsP kahi band gap pololei, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo Si lāua ʻo Ge. ʻO ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻōnaehana mea InP ma ke ʻano o ka pono laser. ʻAʻole paʻa a ikaika nā oxides intrinsic o nā ʻōnaehana InP e like me nā oxides intrinsic o Si, silicon dioxide (SiO2). He mea ikaika ka Silicon ma mua o InP, e ʻae ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nui wafer nui, ʻo ia hoʻi mai 300 mm (e hoʻonui koke ʻia i 450 mm) i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 75 mm ma InP. InPnā mea hoʻololihilinaʻi pinepine ʻia ma ka hopena Stark i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka quantum, kahi mea i maʻalahi i ka mahana ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana o ka lihi o ke kāʻei i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka mahana. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, he liʻiliʻi loa ka hilinaʻi ʻana o ka mahana o nā modulators e pili ana i ka silicon.

ʻO ka ʻenehana photonics Silicon i manaʻo ʻia he kūpono wale nō no nā huahana haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai, pōkole ka lōʻihi, a nui ka nui (ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 miliona mau ʻāpana i kēlā me kēia makahiki). ʻO kēia no ka mea ua ʻae nui ʻia he nui ka nui o ka hiki ke hana i ka wafer e hoʻolaha i nā kumukūʻai mask a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, a ʻo ia hoʻiʻenehana photonics siliconhe mau hemahema koʻikoʻi ka hana ma nā noi huahana mai ke kūlanakauhale a i ke kūlanakauhale a me nā huahana lōʻihi. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. Ma nā noi haʻahaʻa kumukūʻai, pōkole, a me ka hua kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka laser hoʻopuka ʻili cavity vertical (VCSEL) a melaser i hoʻololi pololei ʻia (Kukuna DML): ʻo ka laser i hoʻololi pololei ʻia ke kau nei i kahi kaomi hoʻokūkū nui, a ʻo ka nāwaliwali o ka ʻenehana photonic e pili ana i ka silicon i hiki ʻole ke hoʻohui maʻalahi i nā lasers ua lilo i mea hemahema nui. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ma nā noi metro, mamao loa, ma muli o ka makemake no ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka ʻenehana photonics silicon a me ka hana hōʻailona kikohoʻe (DSP) pū (ʻo ia hoʻi i nā wahi mahana kiʻekiʻe), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka laser. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka ʻenehana ʻike coherent ke hoʻopiha i nā hemahema o ka ʻenehana photonics silicon i kahi nui, e like me ka pilikia o ke au pouli he liʻiliʻi loa ma mua o ka photocurrent oscillator kūloko. I ka manawa like, he hewa hoʻi ke manaʻo he nui ka nui o ka hiki ke wafer e uhi i nā kumukūʻai mask a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, no ka mea, hoʻohana ka ʻenehana photonics silicon i nā nui node i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā semiconductors oxide metal complementary holomua loa (CMOS), no laila he haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai o nā masks a me nā holo hana.