Hoʻopuka kēlā me kēia mea me ka mahana ma luna o ka zero loa i ka ikehu i ka lewa waho ma ke ʻano o ka mālamalama infrared. ʻO ka ʻenehana ʻike e hoʻohana ana i ka radiation infrared e ana i nā nui kino pili i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻenehana ʻike infrared.
ʻO ka ʻenehana sensor infrared kekahi o nā ʻenehana e ulu wikiwiki nei i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka sensor infrared i ka aerospace, astronomy, meteorology, koa, ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana kīwila a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, e pāʻani ana i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi nui. ʻO ka infrared, ma ke ʻano, he ʻano nalu radiation electromagnetic, ʻo kona laulā wavelength ma kahi o 0.78m ~ 1000m spectrum, no ka mea aia ia i loko o ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia ma waho o ke kukui ʻulaʻula, i kapa ʻia ʻo infrared. ʻO kēlā me kēia mea me ka mahana ma luna o ka zero absolute e hoʻolaha i ka ikehu i ka lewa waho ma ke ʻano o ka mālamalama infrared. ʻO ka ʻenehana sensor e hoʻohana ana i ka radiation infrared e ana i nā nui kino pili i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻenehana sensor infrared.
ʻO ke sensor infrared photonic kahi ʻano sensor e hana ana ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hopena photon o ka radiation infrared. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hopena photon e pili ana i ka wā e loaʻa ai kahi hanana infrared ma kekahi mau mea semiconductor, e launa pū ana ke kahe photon i loko o ka radiation infrared me nā electrons i loko o ka mea semiconductor, e hoʻololi ana i ke kūlana ikehu o nā electrons, e hopena ana i nā hanana uila like ʻole. Ma ke ana ʻana i nā loli i nā waiwai uila o nā mea semiconductor, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ikaika o ka radiation infrared e pili ana. ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā mea ʻike photon he photodetector kūloko, photodetector waho, mea ʻike lawe manuahi, mea ʻike lua quantum QWIP a pēlā aku. Ua māhele hou ʻia nā photodetectors kūloko i ke ʻano photoconductive, ke ʻano hana photovolt a me ke ʻano photomagnetoelectric. ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka mea ʻike photon he ʻike kiʻekiʻe, ka wikiwiki pane wikiwiki, a me ke alapine pane kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻo ka hemahema, he haiki ka hui ʻike, a hana maʻamau ia i nā mahana haʻahaʻa (i mea e mālama ai i ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka nitrogen wai a i ʻole ka refrigeration thermoelectric e hoʻomaʻalili i ka mea ʻike photon i kahi mahana hana haʻahaʻa).
ʻO ka mea hana loiloi ʻāpana e pili ana i ka ʻenehana spectrum infrared he mau ʻano ʻōmaʻomaʻo, wikiwiki, ʻaʻole luku a pūnaewele, a ʻo ia kekahi o ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻenehana loiloi ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe ma ke kahua o ka kemika analytical. He nui nā molekala kinoea i haku ʻia me nā diatoms asymmetric a me nā polyatoms he mau kāʻei omo like i loko o ka kāʻei radiation infrared, a ʻokoʻa ka wavelength a me ka ikaika o ka omo ʻana o nā kāʻei omo ma muli o nā molekala like ʻole i loko o nā mea i ana ʻia. Wahi a ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā kāʻei omo o nā molekala kinoea like ʻole a me ka ikaika o ka omo ʻana, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka haku mele a me ka ʻike o nā molekala kinoea i loko o ka mea i ana ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia ka mea loiloi kinoea infrared e hoʻomālamalama i ka medium i ana ʻia me ka mālamalama infrared, a e like me nā ʻano omo infrared o nā media molekala like ʻole, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano spectrum omo infrared o ke kinoea, ma o ka loiloi spectral e hoʻokō ai i ka haku mele kinoea a i ʻole ka loiloi concentration.
Hiki ke loaʻa ka spectrum diagnostic o ka hydroxyl, ka wai, ka carbonate, Al-OH, Mg-OH, Fe-OH a me nā pilina molekala ʻē aʻe ma o ka irradiation infrared o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, a laila hiki ke ana ʻia a kālailai ʻia ke kūlana wavelength, ka hohonu a me ka laulā o ka spectrum e loaʻa ai kona ʻano, nā ʻāpana a me ka ratio o nā mea metala nui. No laila, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka loiloi haku mele o nā media paʻa.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-04-2023