Haʻahaʻa paepae infrared avalanche photodetector

Haʻahaʻa paepae infraredʻike kiʻi avalanche

ʻO ka mea ʻike kiʻi avalanche infrared (ʻIke kiʻi APD) he papa onā mea paʻi kiʻi semiconductore hoʻonui i ka waiwai ma o ka hopena ionization collision, i hiki ai ke hoʻokō i ka hiki ke ʻike i nā kiʻi liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​kiʻi hoʻokahi. Eia nō naʻe, ma nā hale kiʻi kiʻi APD maʻamau, ke kaʻina hoʻopuʻi ʻole equilibrium e alakaʻi ai i ka nalowale o ka ikehu, ʻo ia ka mea e pono ai ka puʻupuʻu paepae avalanche e hiki i 50-200 V. Ke koi nei kēia i nā koi kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka uila uila a me ka hoʻolālā kaapuni heluhelu, hoʻonui i nā kumukūʻai a hoʻopaʻa i nā noi ākea.

I kēia mau lā, ua noi ka noiʻi Kina i kahi ʻano hou o ka avalanche kokoke i ka mea ʻike infrared me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe. Ma muli o ka homojunction self-doping o ka papa atomika, hoʻonā ka ʻike kiʻi avalanche i ka hoʻopuehu ʻino i hoʻoulu ʻia e ke kūlana defect interface i hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia i ka heterojunction. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana ʻia ke kahua uila "peak" ikaika i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka unuhi symmetry breaking no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pilina coulomb ma waena o nā mea lawe, hoʻopau i ke ʻano o ka phonon ma waho o ka mokulele, a loaʻa i kahi kiʻekiʻe pālua ka maikaʻi o nā mea lawe ʻole equilibrium. Ma ka lumi wela, ua kokoke ka ikehu paepae i ka palena theoretical Eg (Eg ka band gap o semiconductor) a me ka ike o ka infrared avalanche detector a hiki i ka 10000 photon level.

Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia haʻawina ma luna o ka homojunction tungsten diselenide (WSe₂) homojunction (ʻelua-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide, TMD) ma ke ʻano he kumu waiwai no nā avalanches. Loaʻa ka haki ʻana o ka unuhi kikoʻī ma ka hoʻolālā ʻana i kahi mutation stepography e hoʻoulu i kahi kahua uila "spike" kūloko ma ka interface homojunction mutant.

Eia hou, hiki i ka mānoanoa atomika ke hoʻopau i ka mīkini hoʻopuehu i hoʻomalu ʻia e ke ʻano phonon, a ʻike i ka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka mea lawe ʻole equilibrium me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Lawe mai kēia i ka ikehu paepae avalanche ma ka lumi wela kokoke i ka palena theoretical ie ka bandgap mea semiconductor Eg. Ua hoʻemi ʻia ka volta paepae avalanche mai 50 V a i 1.6 V, e ʻae ana i ka poʻe noiʻi e hoʻohana i nā kaapuni kikohoʻe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hoʻokele i ka avalanchemea nānā kiʻia me nā diodes a me nā transistors. Hoʻomaopopo kēia haʻawina i ka hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu kaʻa ʻole equilibrium ma o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa avalanche multiplication hopena, e hāʻawi ana i kahi hiʻohiʻona hou no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hanauna e hiki mai ana o ka ʻenehana ʻike kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka loaʻa kiʻekiʻe avalanche infrared detection technology.