Ka holomua o ka noiʻi ʻana o ka lithium niobate electro-optic modulator kiʻi lahilahi

Ka holomua noiʻi okiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi lithium niobate electro-optic modulator

ʻO Electro-optic modulator ka mea nui o ka ʻōnaehana kamaʻilio optical a me ka ʻōnaehana photonic microwave. Hoʻoponopono ia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ke kukui ma kahi ākea a i ʻole alakaʻi nalu optical ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka index refractive o nā mea i hana ʻia e ke kahua uila. ʻO ka lithium niobate maʻamauelectro-optical modulatorhoʻohana i ka nui lithium niobate mea e like me electro-optical mea. Hoʻopili ʻia ka mea hoʻokahi kristal lithium niobate e hana i ka nalu ma o ka titanium diffusion a i ʻole ke kaʻina hoʻololi proton. He liʻiliʻi loa ka ʻokoʻa kuhikuhi refractive ma waena o ka papa kumu a me ka papa pale, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke alakaʻi nalu i ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ke kula māmā. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ka modulator electro-optic i hoʻopili ʻia he 5 ~ 10 cm.

Hāʻawi ka ʻenehana Lithium Niobate on Insulator (LNOI) i kahi ala kūpono e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pilikia o ka nui o ka lithium niobate electro-optic modulator. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka papa kuhikuhi hawewe a me ka papa pale a hiki i ka 0.7, ka mea e hoʻonui nui ai i ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke ʻano optical a me ka hopena hoʻoponopono electro-optical o ka hawewe, a ua lilo i wahi wela noiʻi ma ke kahua o ka modulator electro-optical.

Ma muli o ka holomua o ka ʻenehana micro-machining, ua holomua ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā modulator electro-optic e pili ana i ka paepae LNOI, e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano o ka nui compact a me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka hana. E like me ka hana hawewe i hoʻohana ʻia, ʻo ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni lahilahi lithium niobate electro-optic modulators i hoʻopaʻa pololei ʻia i ka waveguide electro-optic modulators, hoʻouka hybrid.nā mea hoʻololi alakaʻi nalua me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe electro-optic i hoʻohui pū ʻia me ka hybrid silicon.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kaʻina hana etching maloʻo e hoʻemi nui i ka nalowale o ka hawewe hawewe lithium niobate kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, hoʻoponopono ke ala hoʻouka ʻana i ka pilikia o ke kaʻina hana etching kiʻekiʻe, a ua ʻike i ka lithium niobate electro-optic modulator me ka uila o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma lalo o 1 V hapalua nalu, a ʻo ka hui pū ʻana me ka ʻenehana SOI makua e hoʻokō i ke ʻano o ka photon a me ka electron hybrid integration. Loaʻa ka ʻenehana lithium niobate kiʻi ʻoniʻoni i nā mea maikaʻi i ka ʻike ʻana i ka nalowale haʻahaʻa, ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ka bandwidth nui i hoʻohui ʻia i ka modulator electro-optic ma ka chip. ʻO ka manaʻo, ua wānana ʻia ʻo ka 3mm thin film lithium niobate push-pullM⁃Z modulatorHiki i ka bandwidth electro-optical 3dB ke piʻi i ka 400 GHz, a ua hōʻike ʻia ka bandwidth o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni lahilahi lithium niobate modulator i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma luna o 100 GHz, kahi mamao loa mai ka palena luna theoretical. ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i lawe ʻia e ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ʻāpana kumu kumu i kaupalena ʻia. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, mai ka manaʻo o ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mīkini a me nā hale hou, e like me ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka electrode coplanar waveguide maʻamau e like me ka electrode microwave segmented, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia ka hana o ka modulator.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka chip modulator chip a me ka hoʻohui heterogeneous on-chip me nā lasers, detectors a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe he manawa kūpono a paʻakikī hoʻi no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā modulators lithium niobate kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. ʻOi aku ka manaʻo nui o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni lithium niobate electro-optic modulator i ka microwave photon, kamaʻilio optical a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.