ʻenehana kamaʻilio ʻikepili kiʻi kiʻi Silicon

Silicon photonicʻenehana kamaʻilio ʻikepili
Ma kekahi mau ʻano onā mea paʻi kiʻi, He hoʻokūkū nā ʻāpana photonic silicon me nā mea hana maikaʻi loa, i kūkākūkā ʻia ma lalo nei. ʻO ka mea paha a mākou e manaʻo ai he hana hoʻololi loakamaʻilio ʻike makaʻO ia ka hana ʻana i nā paepae i hoʻohui ʻia e hoʻohui i nā modulators, detectors, waveguides, a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe ma ka pahu hoʻokahi e kamaʻilio pū kekahi me kekahi. I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā transistors i kēia mau paepae, e ʻae ana i ka amplifier, serialization, a me nā pane i nā mea āpau e hoʻohui ʻia ma ka pahu hoʻokahi. Ma muli o ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ia ʻano kaʻina hana, ua kuhikuhi nui ʻia kēia hana i nā noi no ke kamaʻilio ʻikepili peer-to-peer. A ma muli o ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana transistor, ʻo ka manaʻo e puka mai ana ma ke kahua, ʻo ia, mai kahi hiʻohiʻona hana a me ke kumukūʻai, ʻoi aku ka manaʻo no ka wā e hiki mai ana e hoʻohui i nā mea uila ma o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻenehana paʻa i ka wafer a chip. pae.

Loaʻa ka waiwai o ka hiki ke hana i nā chips i hiki ke helu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea uila a hoʻokō i ka kamaʻilio optical. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka hoʻohana mua ʻana o nā kiʻi kiʻi kikohoʻe ma nā kamaʻilio ʻikepili kikohoʻe. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia e nā ʻokoʻa kino ma waena o nā electrons (fermions) a me nā photons (bosons). He maikaʻi nā electron no ka helu ʻana no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā lāua ʻelua ma kahi hoʻokahi i ka manawa like. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ko lākou launa pū ʻana me kekahi. No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā electrons e kūkulu i nā mea hoʻololi nonlinear nui - transistors.

Loaʻa nā waiwai like ʻole o nā kiʻi kiʻi: nui nā kiʻi kiʻi hiki ke loaʻa i kahi hoʻokahi i ka manawa like, a ma lalo o nā kūlana kūikawā ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopilikia kekahi i kekahi. ʻO ia ke kumu e hiki ai ke hoʻouna i nā trillions o nā ʻikepili i kēlā me kēia kekona ma o ka fiber hoʻokahi: ʻaʻole i hana ʻia ma ka hana ʻana i kahi kahawai data me kahi bandwidth terabit hoʻokahi.

Ma nā wahi he nui o ka honua, ʻo ka fiber i ka home ka mea nui o ke komo ʻana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi e hoʻokūkū ai me DSL a me nā ʻenehana ʻē aʻe. Me ka koi mau no ka bandwidth, ʻo ka pono e hoʻokele a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka ʻikepili ma o ka fiber optics e ulu mau ana. ʻO ke ʻano ākea o ka mākeke kamaʻilio data ʻo ia ka emi ʻana o ka mamao, e emi nui ke kumukūʻai o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i ka piʻi ʻana o ka leo. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha, ua hoʻoikaika nui nā hana kalepa kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi i ka nui o ka hana ma nā noi kiʻekiʻe, pōkole pōkole, huli i nā kikowaena ʻikepili a me ka hoʻopili helu kiʻekiʻe. E hoʻokomo ʻia nā noi i ka wā e hiki mai ana i ka papa-a-papa, USB-scale short-range connectivity, a me ka CPU core-to-core kamaʻilio ma hope, ʻoiai ʻo ka mea e hiki mai ana me nā noi core-to-core ma kahi puʻupuʻu. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hiki i ka nui o ka ʻoihana CMOS, ua hoʻomaka nā kiʻi kiʻi silika e lilo i ʻoihana koʻikoʻi.