ʻenehana kamaʻilio ʻikepili Silicon photonic

ʻO ke kiʻi photonic silikonaʻenehana kamaʻilio ʻikepili
Ma kekahi mau ʻano onā mea hana photonic, ua hoʻokūkū nā ʻāpana photonic silicon me nā mea hana maikaʻi loa, e kūkākūkā ʻia ma lalo nei. Malia paha ka mea a mākou e manaʻo nei he hana hoʻololi nui loa i lokokamaʻilio ʻike makaʻo ia ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā kahua i hoʻohui ʻia e hoʻohui i nā modulators, nā mea ʻike, nā waveguides, a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe ma ka chip like e kamaʻilio pū ana kekahi me kekahi. I kekahi mau hihia, ua hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā transistors i loko o kēia mau kahua, e ʻae ana i ka amplifier, serialization, a me ka feedback e hoʻohui ʻia ma ka chip like. Ma muli o ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ia mau kaʻina hana, ua kuhikuhi nui ʻia kēia hana i nā noi no ka kamaʻilio ʻikepili peer-to-peer. A ma muli o ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana hana transistor, ʻo ka manaʻo like e kū mai ana ma ke kahua, mai kahi hiʻohiʻona hana a me ke kumukūʻai, ʻo ia ka mea kūpono loa no ka wā e hiki mai ana e hoʻohui i nā mea uila ma ka hana ʻana i ka ʻenehana hoʻopaʻa ma ka pae wafer a i ʻole chip.

Aia ka waiwai maopopo i ka hiki ke hana i nā ʻāpana e hiki ke helu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea uila a hoʻokō i ke kamaʻilio optical. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā noi mua o ka silicon photonics i nā kamaʻilio ʻikepili kikohoʻe. Hoʻokele ʻia kēia e nā ʻokoʻa kino koʻikoʻi ma waena o nā electrons (fermions) a me nā photons (bosons). He mea maikaʻi nā electrons no ka helu ʻana no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā lāua ʻelua ke noho ma kahi like i ka manawa like. ʻO ia hoʻi, launa pū lākou me kekahi. No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā electrons e kūkulu i nā mea hoʻololi nonlinear nui - transistors.

He ʻokoʻa nā ʻano o nā photons: hiki i nā photons he nui ke noho ma kahi like i ka manawa like, a ma lalo o nā kūlana kūikawā loa, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopilikia kekahi i kekahi. ʻO ia ke kumu e hiki ai ke hoʻouna i nā trillions o nā bits o ka ʻikepili i kekona ma o hoʻokahi fiber: ʻaʻole ia e hana ʻia ma ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi kahawai ʻikepili me kahi bandwidth terabit hoʻokahi.

Ma nā wahi he nui o ka honua, ʻo ka fiber i ka home ke ʻano komo nui, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia kēia he ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi e hoʻokūkū ai me DSL a me nā ʻenehana ʻē aʻe. Me ke koi mau no ka bandwidth, ʻo ka pono e hoʻokele i ka hoʻoili ʻikepili ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma o ka fiber optics e ulu mau nei hoʻi. ʻO ke ʻano ākea ma ka mākeke kamaʻilio ʻikepili ʻo ia ka emi ʻana o ka mamao, emi nui ke kumukūʻai o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana ʻoiai e piʻi ana ka nui. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha, ua kālele nā ​​​​hana kalepa silicon photonics i kahi nui o ka hana ma nā noi nui, pōkole, e kuhikuhi ana i nā kikowaena ʻikepili a me ka helu hana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā noi e hiki mai ana e komo pū me ka papa-a-papa, ka pilina pōkole USB-scale, a malia paha ʻo ke kamaʻilio CPU core-to-core i ka hopena, ʻoiai ʻo ka mea e hana ʻia me nā noi core-to-core ma kahi chip he mea kuhi wale nō. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hiki i ka nui o ka ʻoihana CMOS, ua hoʻomaka ka silicon photonics e lilo i ʻoihana koʻikoʻi.