ʻO nā ʻāpana passive Silicon photonics

ʻO nā kiʻi kiʻi silikoninā mea hāʻule

Nui nā ʻāpana passive koʻikoʻi i loko o nā kiʻi kiʻi silika. ʻO kekahi o ia mau mea he mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i luna, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 1A. Loaʻa ia i kahi mākia ikaika i loko o ke alakaʻi nalu nona ka manawa like me ka lōʻihi o ka nalu o ka nalu māmā i ka nalu. ʻO kēia ka mea e hiki ai ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia a loaʻa paha ke kukui e kū pono ana i ka ʻili, e kūpono ia no nā ana pae wafer a / a i ʻole ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka fiber. He ʻano kūʻokoʻa nā mea hoʻohui kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi no ka mea makemake lākou i ka ʻokoʻa kikoʻī kūʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe. No ka laʻana, inā e hoʻāʻo ʻoe e hana i kahi hui kuʻi ma kahi alakaʻi nalu InP maʻamau, lele pololei ke kukui i loko o ka substrate ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana i ke poʻo no ka mea he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ke alakaʻi nalu ma mua o ka substrate. I mea e hana ai i loko o ka InP, pono e ʻeli ʻia nā mea ma lalo o ka pahu e hoʻokuʻu ai, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ke Kiʻi 1B.

Kiʻi 1: hoʻokuʻu i ka ʻilikai hoʻokahi-dimensional grating couplers in silicon (A) and InP (B). Ma (A), ʻo ka hina a me ka uliuli ʻulaʻula e hōʻike ana i ke silika a me ke silica. Ma (B), ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻalani e hōʻike ana iā InGaAsP a me InP. ʻO nā kiʻi (C) a me (D) ke nānā nei i nā kiʻi microscope electron (SEM) o kahi mea hoʻohui cantilever grating InP i hoʻokuʻu ʻia.

ʻO kekahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ʻo ka mea hoʻololi kiko-nui (SSC) ma waena o kaalakaʻi nalu ʻōpikaa me ka pulupulu, e hoohuli ana i ke ano o ka 0.5 × 1 μm2 i loko o ka silicon waveguide i ke ano o ma kahi o 10 × 10 μm2 i loko o ka fiber. ʻO ke ala maʻamau, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo ka inverse taper, kahi e hōʻemi mālie ai ke alakaʻi hawewe i kahi kihi liʻiliʻi, e hopena i ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o kaopticalkāʻei ʻano. Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia kēia ʻano e ke alakaʻi nalu aniani i hoʻokuʻu ʻia, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ke Kiʻi 2. Me ia ʻano SSC, hiki ke loaʻa maʻalahi ka nalowale o ka hui ʻana ma lalo o 1.5dB.

Kiʻi 2: Mea hoʻololi i ka nui kumu no nā alakaʻi nalu uea silika. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mea silikona i ke ʻano conical inverse i loko o ke alakaʻi nalu aniani i hoʻokuʻu ʻia. Ua kālai ʻia ka ʻāpana silika ma lalo o ke alakaʻi nalu aniani i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

ʻO ka ʻāpana passive koʻikoʻi ka polarization beam splitter. Hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o nā mea hoʻokaʻawale polarization ma ke Kiʻi 3. ʻO ka mua he Mach-Zender interferometer (MZI), kahi i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia lima kahi birefringence ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka lua he mea hoʻohui kuhikuhi maʻalahi. He kiʻekiʻe loa ke ʻano birefringence o kahi alakaʻi nalu uea kilika maʻamau, no laila hiki ke hoʻohui piha ʻia ke kukui polarized transverse magnetic (TM), ʻoiai hiki ke wehe ʻia ke kukui polarized transverse uila (TE). ʻO ke kolu, he hui kuʻi, kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka fiber ma kahi Angle i hui pū ʻia ke kukui polarized TE ma kekahi ʻaoʻao a ua hui pū ʻia ke kukui polarized TM i kekahi. ʻO ka ʻehā, he mea hoʻohui ʻelua-dimensional grating coupler. ʻO nā ʻano ʻano fiber nona nā māla uila e kū pono ana i ke kuhikuhi o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka nalu e hui pū ʻia me ke alakaʻi nalu e pili ana. Hiki ke hili ʻia ka pulupulu a hoʻohui ʻia i ʻelua alakaʻi nalu, a i ʻole pololei i ka ʻili a hoʻohui ʻia i ʻehā alakaʻi nalu. ʻO kahi pōmaikaʻi hou o nā mea hoʻohui kiʻi ʻelua-dimensional ʻo ia ka hana ʻana ma ke ʻano he rotators polarization, ʻo ia hoʻi he polarization like nā kukui āpau ma ka chip, akā hoʻohana ʻia ʻelua polarizations orthogonal i ka fiber.

Kiʻi 3: Nā mea hoʻokaʻawale polarization lehulehu.