ʻO ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā electro optical modulators

ʻO ka wā e hiki mai ana oelectro optical modulators

He kuleana koʻikoʻi nā modulators electro optic i nā ʻōnaehana optoelectronic hou, e pāʻani ana i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i nā kahua he nui mai ke kamaʻilio ʻana a hiki i ka computing quantum ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā waiwai o ka mālamalama. Kūkākūkā kēia pepa i ke kūlana o kēia manawa, ka holomua hou a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana modulator electro optic

Kiʻi 1: Hoʻohālikelike hana o nā ʻokoʻamea hoʻololi ʻōpikanā ʻenehana, e pili ana i ka lithium niobate kiʻi ʻoniʻoni lahilahi (TFLN), III-V uila absorption modulators (EAM), silicon-based a me polymer modulators e pili ana i ka nalowale o ka hoʻokomo ʻana, ka bandwidth, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana, ka nui, a me ka hiki ke hana.

ʻO nā modulator optic electro optic maʻamau a me kā lākou mau palena

ʻO nā modulators kukui photoelectric i hoʻokumu ʻia e Silicon ke kumu o nā ʻōnaehana kamaʻilio optical no nā makahiki he nui. Ma muli o ka hopena dispersion plasma, ua holomua kēia mau mea hana i nā makahiki he 25 i hala iho nei, e hoʻonui ana i nā helu hoʻoili ʻikepili e ʻekolu mau kauoha o ka nui. Hiki ke hoʻokō i nā modulators e pili ana i ka silicon hou i ka 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) a hiki i 224 Gb/s, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 300 Gb/s me ka modulation PAM8.

Eia nō naʻe, ke kū nei nā modulators e pili ana i ka silicon i nā palena kumu e pili ana i nā waiwai waiwai. Ke koi nei nā transceivers optical i nā helu baud ma mua o 200+ Gbaud, paʻakikī ka bandwidth o kēia mau mea hana e hoʻokō i ka koi. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia palena mai nā waiwai kūlohelohe o ke silikoni - ʻo ke koena o ka pale ʻana i ka nalowale o ka māmā me ka mālama ʻana i ka conductivity kūpono e hana i nā kālepa hiki ʻole.

ʻO ka ʻenehana modulator e kū nei a me nā mea hana

Ua alakaʻi nā palena o nā modulators maʻamau i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka silicon i ka noiʻi ʻana i nā mea ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻenehana hoʻohui. Ua lilo ka lithium niobate kiʻi ʻoniʻoni i hoʻokahi o nā kahua hoʻohiki maikaʻi loa no ka hanauna hou o nā modulators.Nā mea hoʻololi electro-optic kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi lithium niobatee hoʻoili i nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa o ka nui lithium niobate, e like me: puka aniani ākea, coefficient electro-optic nui (r33 = 31 pm/V) hiki ke hana i ka hopena linear cell Kerrs ma nā pae hawewe he nui.

ʻO nā holomua hou i ka ʻenehana lithium niobate kiʻi ʻoniʻoni i hāʻawi i nā hopena kupaianaha, me kahi modulator e hana ana ma 260 Gbaud me nā helu ʻikepili o 1.96 Tb/s i kēlā me kēia kahawai. Loaʻa i ka paepae nā pono kūikawā e like me ka CMOS-compatible drive voltage a me 3-dB bandwidth o 100 GHz.

Hoʻohana ʻenehana hou

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā modulators electro optic e pili kokoke ana i nā noi e puka mai ana i nā kahua he nui. Ma ke kahua o ka naʻauao artificial a me nā kikowaena data,kiʻekiʻe-wikiwiki modulatorsHe mea koʻikoʻi ia no ka hanauna e hiki mai ana o nā pilina, a ke alakaʻi nei nā noi computing AI i ka noi no 800G a me 1.6T pluggable transceivers. Hoʻohana pū ʻia ka ʻenehana modulator i: hoʻoponopono ʻike kuʻuna neuromorphic computing Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) lidar microwave photon technology

ʻO ka mea kūikawā, hōʻike nā mea hoʻololi uila lithium niobate electro-optic i ka ikaika i nā ʻenekini hoʻoponopono helu optical, e hāʻawi ana i ka modulation haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hoʻolalelale i ke aʻo ʻana i ka mīkini a me nā noi ʻike artificial. Hiki ke hana ia mau modulators i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a kūpono i nā pilina quantum-classical i nā laina superconducting.

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hanauna hou electro optic modulators ke alo i kekahi mau pilikia nui: ʻO ke kumu kūʻai a me ka pālākiō: ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā modulators lithium niobate kiʻiʻoniʻoni i kēia manawa i ka hana wafer 150 mm, e hopena i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe. Pono ka ʻoihana e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka wafer me ka mālama ʻana i ke kūlike kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ka maikaʻi. Hoʻohui a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana: ʻO ka hoʻomohala holomua okiʻekiʻe-hana modulatorskoi i nā mana hoʻolālā hoʻolālā piha, e pili ana i ka hui pū ʻana o nā optoelectronics a me nā mea hoʻolālā uila uila, nā mea hoʻolako EDA, nā punawai, a me nā loea paʻi. Paʻakikī o ka hana ʻana: ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā kaʻina hana optoelectronics e pili ana i ka silicon ma mua o nā mea uila CMOS kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hana paʻa a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana e pono ai ka ʻike nui a me ka loiloi kaʻina hana.

Ke alakaʻi ʻia nei e ka AI boom a me nā kumu geopolitical, ke loaʻa nei ke kula i ka hoʻonui kālā mai nā aupuni, ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana pilikino a puni ka honua, e hana ana i nā manawa hou no ka hui pū ʻana ma waena o ke kula a me ka ʻoihana a me ka hoʻohiki ʻana e hoʻolōʻihi i ka hana hou.