He aha ka PIN photodetector

He aha ka aʻike kiʻi PIN

ʻO ka mea nānā kiʻi kiʻi he mea paʻakikī loamea paʻi kiʻi semiconductorka mea e hoʻololi i ka malamalama i uila ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hopena photoelectric. ʻO kāna mea nui ka photodiode (PD photodetector). ʻO ka ʻano maʻamau i haku ʻia me kahi hui PN, nā alakaʻi electrode e pili ana a me kahi pūpū paipu. He unidirectional conductivity. Ke hoʻohana ʻia ka volta i mua, holo ka diode; ke hoʻohana ʻia ka volta hoʻohuli, ʻoki ka diode. Ua like ka PD photodetector me ka diode semiconductor maʻamau, koe wale nōPD ʻike kiʻike hana nei ma lalo o ka volta hoʻohuli a hiki ke ʻike ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia ia ma ka puka aniani a i ʻole ka pilina fiber optical, e ʻae ana i ka mālamalama e hiki i ka ʻāpana photosensitive o ka hāmeʻa.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka photodetector PD ʻaʻole ia ka hui PN akā ʻo ka hui PIN. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka junction PN, loaʻa i ka hui PIN kahi papa I hou ma waena. ʻO ka papa I kahi papa o N-type semiconductor me kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa doping. No ka mea he semiconductor intrinsic kokoke me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka papa I. He mānoanoa ka Layer I a kokoke e noho i ka ʻāina pau ʻole. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hapa nui o nā kiʻi i hana ʻia i loko o ka papa I a hoʻohua i nā pālua electron-hole (photogenerated carriers). Ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka papa I he ʻano semiconductor P-type a me N-type me ka nui o ka doping concentrations. He lahilahi loa nā ʻāpana P a me N, e hoʻopili ana i kahi hapa liʻiliʻi loa o nā kiʻi i hana ʻia a hoʻohua i kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā mea lawe kiʻi kiʻi. Hiki i kēia hale ke hoʻoikaika nui i ka wikiwiki pane o ka hopena photoelectric. Eia naʻe, e hoʻolōʻihi ka ʻāina hoʻoemi ākea i ka manawa neʻe o nā mea lawe paʻi kiʻi i ka ʻāina hoʻopau, a ke alakaʻi nei i kahi pane lohi. No laila, pono e koho pono ʻia ka laulā o ka ʻāina hoʻopau. Hiki ke hoʻololi i ka wikiwiki pane o ka PIN junction diode ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka laula o ka ʻāina hoʻopau.

ʻO ka PIN kiʻi kiʻi he mea ʻike kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe me ka hoʻonā ikehu maikaʻi a me ka ʻike pono. Hiki iā ia ke ana pololei i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka ikehu radiation a hoʻokō i ka pane wikiwiki a me ka hana kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hana o kamea nānā kiʻiʻo ia ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hōʻailona nalu māmā ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi pinepine ʻana i nā hōʻailona uila, e hoʻopau i ka leo ikaika hou o ke kukui oscillator kūloko, hoʻonui i ka hōʻailona alapine waena, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ratio hōʻailona-a-leo. Hōʻike ka PIN photodetectors i kahi hoʻolālā maʻalahi, maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana, ʻike kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa kiʻekiʻe, bandwidth kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me ka ikaika anti-interference. Hiki iā lākou ke hana paʻa i nā ʻano ʻino like ʻole a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻike ʻana i ka hōʻailona lidar e ana makani.