He aha ka electro-optic modulator optical frequency comb? Mahele ʻEkahi

ʻO kahi hui alapine optical kahi kikoʻī i haku ʻia me kahi pūʻulu o nā ʻāpana alapine like ʻole i ka spectrum, hiki ke hana ʻia e nā lasers paʻa i ka mode-locked, resonators, a i ʻole.electro-optical modulators. ʻO nā pulupulu alapine Optical i hana ʻia eelectro-optic modulatorsLoaʻa i nā ʻano o ke alapine repetition kiʻekiʻe, interdrying kūloko a me ka mana kiʻekiʻe, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka calibration mea kani, spectroscopy, a i ʻole physics kumu, a ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea noiʻi i nā makahiki i hala.

I kēia mau lā, ua paʻi ʻo Alexandre Parriaux a me nā mea ʻē aʻe mai ke Kulanui o Burgendi ma Farani i kahi pepa loiloi i loko o ka puke pai Advances in Optics and Photonics, me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka holomua noiʻi hou loa a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana optical frequency i hana ʻia eelectro-optical modulation: Loaʻa ia i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka pulupulu optical optical, ke ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka pulupulu alapine optical i hana ʻia eelectro-optic modulator, a helu hope i nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi oelectro-optic modulatorʻO ka puʻupuʻu alapine optical i nā kikoʻī, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka spectrum kikoʻī, ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe optical, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā mea kani a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka nalu arbitrary, a kūkākūkā i ke kumu ma hope o nā noi like ʻole. ʻO ka mea hope loa, hāʻawi ka mea kākau i ka manaʻolana o ka ʻenehana hoʻohui uila electro-optic modulator optical frequency comb.

01 Ka hope

He 60 makahiki i hala aku nei i keia mahina i haku ai o Kauka Maiman i ka laser ruby ​​mua. ʻEhā mau makahiki ma hope mai, ʻo Hargrove, Fock a me Pollack o Bell Laboratories i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ka mea mua i hōʻike i ka paʻa ʻana o ke ʻano hana i loaʻa i nā laser helium-neon, ua hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano-locking laser spectrum i ka manawa domain e like me ka pulse emission. i loko o ka ʻaoʻao alapine he pūʻulu o nā laina pōkole discrete a equidistant, like loa me kā mākou hoʻohana ʻana i nā pulu i kēlā me kēia lā, no laila ke kapa nei mākou i kēia ʻano he "optical frequency comb". Kuhi ʻia ʻo "optic frequency comb".

Ma muli o ka manaʻolana maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka optical comb, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka Nobel Prize in Physics i ka makahiki 2005 iā Hansch a me Hall, nāna i hana i ka hana paionia ma ka ʻenehana hui optical, mai ia manawa, ua hiki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pulu optical i kahi pae hou. No ka loaʻa ʻana o nā koi like ʻole no nā combs optical, e like me ka mana, line spacing a me ka nalu waena, ua alakaʻi kēia i ka pono e hoʻohana i nā ʻano hoʻokolohua like ʻole e hana ai i nā combs optical, e like me nā lasers paʻa i ka mode, micro-resonators a me electro-optical. mea hoʻololi.

FIG. 1 Ka ʻaoʻao o ka manawa a me ka ʻāpana alapine o ka pahu alapine optical comb
Puna kiʻi: Electro-optic frequency combs

Mai ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huila alapine optical, ua hana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻohana ʻana i nā lasers paʻa ʻia. I loko o nā lasers paʻa mode, hoʻohana ʻia kahi lua me ka manawa holo kaʻapuni o τ no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pilina ma waena o nā mode longitudinal, i mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka nui o ka hana hou ʻana o ka laser, hiki ke hele mai megahertz (MHz) a gigahertz ( GHz).

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻili alapine optical i hana ʻia e ka micro-resonator i nā hopena nonlinear, a ʻo ka manawa holo kaʻapuni e hoʻoholo ʻia e ka lōʻihi o ka micro-cavity, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka lōʻihi o ka micro-cavity ma mua o 1mm. ʻO ka huila i hana ʻia e ka micro-cavity ma ke ʻano he 10 gigahertz a 1 terahertz. ʻEkolu ʻano maʻamau o microcavities, microtubules, microspheres a me microrings. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā hopena nonlinear i nā fiber optical, e like me ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o Brillouin a i ʻole ka hui ʻana o nā hawewe ʻehā, i hui pū ʻia me nā microcavities, hiki ke hana ʻia nā huila alapine optical i nā ʻumi o nā nanometers. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hana ʻia nā combs frequency optical me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau modulator acousto-optic.