Kumumanaʻo a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā mea optical diffractive

ʻO ka element optical diffraction kahi ʻano element optical me ka diffraction efficiency kiʻekiʻe, kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ke kumumanaʻo diffraction o ka nalu māmā a hoʻohana i ka hoʻolālā kōkua kamepiula a me ke kaʻina hana hana semiconductor chip e kahakaha i ke ʻanuʻu a i ʻole ke ʻano hoʻomaha hoʻomau ma ka substrate (a i ʻole ka ʻili o ka mea optical kuʻuna). He lahilahi, māmā, liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā element optical diffracted, me ka diffraction efficiency kiʻekiʻe, nā kekelē hoʻolālā he nui o ke kūʻokoʻa, ka paʻa wela maikaʻi a me nā ʻano hoʻolaha kū hoʻokahi. He mau ʻāpana koʻikoʻi lākou o nā mea hana optical he nui. ʻOiai ʻo ka diffraction e alakaʻi mau ai i ka palena o ka hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻōnaehana optical, hoʻāʻo mau nā optics kuʻuna e pale i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hopena diffraction a hiki i nā makahiki 1960, me ka hana ʻana a me ka hana holomua o ka analog holography a me ka hologram kamepiula a me ke kiʻikuhi pae i hoʻololi nui i ka manaʻo. I nā makahiki 1970, ʻoiai ua lilo ka ʻenehana o ka hologram kamepiula a me ke kiʻikuhi pae i mea kūpono loa, ua paʻakikī nō hoʻi ka hana ʻana i nā element structure hyperfine me ka diffraction efficiency kiʻekiʻe i nā nalu infrared ʻike ʻia a kokoke, no laila e kaupalena ana i ka laulā noi pono o nā element optical diffractive. I nā makahiki 1980, ua hoʻolauna mua kahi hui noiʻi i alakaʻi ʻia e WBVeldkamp mai MIT Lincoln Laboratory ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka ʻenehana lithography o ka hana ʻana o VLSI i ka hana ʻana o nā ʻāpana optical diffractive, a ua hāpai i ke kumumanaʻo o "binary optics". Ma hope o kēlā, ke puka mai nei nā ʻano hana hou like ʻole, me ka hana ʻana o nā ʻāpana optical diffractive kiʻekiʻe a me nā multifunctional. Pēlā i hoʻolaha nui ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā mea optical diffractive.

Ka pono o ka diffraction o kahi mea optical diffractive

ʻO ka pono o ka diffraction kekahi o nā ʻōkuhi koʻikoʻi e loiloi i nā mea optical diffractive a me nā ʻōnaehana optical diffractive i hui pū ʻia me nā mea optical diffractive. Ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ke kukui ma o ka mea optical diffractive, e hoʻopuka ʻia nā kauoha diffraction he nui. Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻo ke kukui o ke kauoha diffraction nui wale nō ka mea i nānā ʻia. ʻO ke kukui o nā kauoha diffraction ʻē aʻe e hoʻokumu i ka mālamalama hele hewa ma ka mokulele kiʻi o ke kauoha diffraction nui a hoʻemi i ka ʻokoʻa o ka mokulele kiʻi. No laila, ʻo ka pono o ka diffraction o ka mea optical diffractive e pili pololei ana i ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻi o ka mea optical diffractive.

Ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā mea optical diffractive

Ma muli o ka element optical diffractive a me kona alo nalu hoʻomalu maʻalahi, ke ulu nei ka ʻōnaehana optical a me ka hāmeʻa i ka mālamalama, miniaturized a hoʻohui ʻia. A hiki i ka makahiki 1990, ua lilo ke aʻo ʻana i nā element optical diffractive i mua o ke kahua optical. Hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka wavefront laser, ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka profile beam, ka mea hana beam array, ka hoʻopili optical, ka helu ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole, ka kamaʻilio optical satellite a pēlā aku.